Development trends of precision ceramic parts at home and abroad
Release time:
2022-03-04
In recent years, countries around the world have been transitioning from traditional ceramics to advanced ceramics. Ceramics are no longer limited to art and daily life; industrial ceramics, with their excellent heat resistance and biocompatibility, are widely used in heat conduction, thermomechanics, sensitive sensors, optics, medicine, and new energy, becoming a key research focus for many countries.
Advanced industrial ceramic materials are superior to traditional ceramics and existing metallic or non-metallic materials in terms of high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, superhardness, and superconductivity. New ceramics also possess photo-sensitive, gas-sensitive, thermal-sensitive, humidity-sensitive, and piezoelectric properties, which are fundamental to the creation of artificial intelligence materials. Therefore, many countries, especially those with advanced economies and technologies, prioritize the development of advanced ceramic materials, directing significant engineering personnel and funding towards their research and development.
Precision ceramics, also known as high-performance ceramics or engineering ceramics, can be categorized by their main components: carbides, nitrides, oxides, and borides. In terms of application, they can be divided into structural ceramics, cutting ceramics, and functional ceramics. Ordinary ceramics are widely used in the building materials and light industries. However, the main difference between precision ceramics and ordinary ceramics is that precision ceramics use strictly selected raw materials to obtain high-purity materials that meet the requirements. The particle size of the materials used is as fine as possible, and the chemical composition is precisely controlled to avoid unwanted impurities and the loss of components due to volatilization. The microstructure is also carefully controlled, paying close attention to the particle size, interfaces, and porosity of the sintered particles. Through these efforts, the various excellent properties of ceramics are fully realized.
The development of modern industrial technology has led to demands for material properties that exceed those of metals or plastics. For example, high-efficiency kilns designed for energy saving require materials to operate at temperatures above 1500°C, while the high-temperature performance limit of metallic materials is around 1200°C. Therefore, ceramic materials are essential for these high-temperature mechanical components. In addition to high-temperature resistance, they also exhibit superior corrosion resistance and wear resistance compared to metallic materials.
